Knowledge of the absolute risk and incidence of RRDs is necessary for optometrists and ophthalmologists to prepare for the rising burden of myopia. We hypothesized that the incidence rate of RRD is rising along with the rising prevalence of high myopia. Herein, we additionally estimate the incidence rate and period prevalence of RRDs, myopia, and high myopia in phakic commercially insured patients in the US. reported that nearly 4 percent of US adults have high myopia by applying prevalence calculations from 2005 to 2008 NHANES data to estimates from the US Population Census in 2014 9.Given this elevated prevalence of high myopia and the risk of vision loss associated with RRD, we aimed to determine the incidence rate of RRD in phakic non-myopes, myopes and high myopes in a large population of commercially insured US patients. Lattice degeneration (51%) and white without pressure (12%) were highly prevalent in an adult population of high myopes in Hong Kong 8.Ī recent study by Willis et al. Such taut adhesions increase the risk of tear with traction. Lattice degeneration, for example, yields exaggerated vitreoretinal adhesions at the margin of the lesion and is more common with an increase in axial length 7. This is thought to be secondary to an increase in peripheral vitreoretinal degenerative pathology associated with anomalous vitreoretinal adhesions in myopes. reporting a 43-fold higher risk in high myopes compared to non-myopes 5, 6. Researchers consistently find a higher risk of RRD following cataract extraction in high myopes with Lin et al. An increase in axial length leads to a proportional increase in risk of RRD. In addition to its effect on the posterior retina, an increase in axial length can alter the structure of the anterior retina. Myopic traction maculopathy, consisting of foveal retinoschisis, macular hole, and/or foveoschisis retinal detachment (FRD) occurs in 9.0% to 34.3% of highly myopic eyes with posterior staphyloma 3, 4. In myopia, increased posterior segment volume exceeds production of vitreous gel components resulting in amplified traction of the vitreous gel on both the macula and the vitreous base. The relationship between myopia, PVDs and RRDs has long been known 2. Myopia accelerates PVD formation independent of aging. In 80–90% of RRDs, the precipitating event is a retinal break associated with a posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) 1. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs) are separations of the neurosensory retina from the retinal pigment epithelium that occur following a break in the retina. Notably, the magnitude of increased risk of RRD in myopes varied substantially according to the minimum follow-up period in our models and should be accounted for when interpreting data analyses. The risk of RRD in phakic high myopes rose with increasing age. Combined, the incidence rate of RRD in phakic patients in the United States from 2007 to 2016 was 25.27 RRDs per 100,000 person-years, a rate higher than those in prior published studies in North America, South America, Europe, Asia, and Australia. The absolute risk of myopia and high myopia increased from 2007 to 2016. The incidence rate was significantly higher in males in each category ( P < 0.01). The incidence rate of RRD in phakic patients in the United States was 39-fold higher in high myopes than non-myopes (868.83 per 100,000 person-years versus 22.44 per 100,000 person-years) and three-fold higher in myopes than non-myopes (67.51 per 100,000 person-years versus 22.44 per 100,000 person-years). We performed a retrospective cohort study of 85,476,781 commercially insured patients enrolled in the Merative™ Marketscan ® Research Database. Given global trends of increasing myopia, we aimed to determine the absolute risk (incidence rate) of RRD in non-myopes, myopes and high myopes in the United States over ten years. Myopia is a known risk factor for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).
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